| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Friday, 9 December 2011
Nursing Theory Quiz - C
Nursing Theory Quiz - B
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nursing Theory Quiz Tit bits
Monday, 28 November 2011
Sunday, 27 November 2011
YAKUBU H.YAKUBU---------------MY VIEW TO A FIRST TRIMMESTER SUCCESS.
Quiz - Freud's Theory of Psychosexual Development
1. According to Freud, personality
is mostly established by what age?
5
10
15
20
2. What energy did Freud believe was
the driving force behind behavior?
Motivation
Stress
Libido
Drive
3. What is the period following the
phallic stage called?
The
anal stage
The
latent stage
The
genital stage
The
oral stage
4. As an adult, Cassandra is uptight
and extremely rigid, often unwilling to make even small adjustments in her
schedule. At which stage is she fixated?
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Genital
5. Steve struggled for years to quit
smoking, but he finally succeeded. Now, he chews several packs of gum a day. At
which stage is he fixated?
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Genital
6. Which psychologist famously criticized
Freud's concept of penis envy, instead suggesting that men experience womb
envy?
Mary
Whiton Calkins
Anna
Freud
Melanie
Klein
Karen
Horney
7. A common criticism of Freud's
theory of psychosexual development is that:
It
is focused almost exclusively on male development
His
theory is difficult to test scientifically
Freud's
research methods were unscientific an non-empirical
All
of the above
8. Freud believed that the
pleasure-seeking energies of the _______ becoming focused on different areas
during development.
Preconscious
Id
Ego
Superego
9. This term refers to Freud's idea
that children have an unconscious desire to possess their opposite-sex parent.
Sublimation
Libido
Oedipus
complex
Manifest
content
10. What did Freud call the process
through which children come to identify with their same-sex parent?
Regression
Suppression
Sublimation
Identification
Major Thinkers in Behaviorism
My view on Nursing Assessment
Assessment – First Step in the Nursing Process
- it is systematic and continuous collection, validation and communication of client data as compared to what is standard/norm.
- it includes the client’s perceived needs, health problems, related experiences, health practices, values and lifestyles.
Purpose: To establish a data base
(all the information about the client):
- nursing health history
- physical assessment
- the physician’s history & physical examination
- results of laboratory & diagnostic tests
- material from other health personnel
4 Types of Assessment:
a. Initial assessment – assessment
performed within a specified time on admission
Ex: nursing admission assessment
b. Problem-focused assessment – use
to determine status of a specific problem identified in an earlier assessment
Ex: problem on urination-assess on
fluid intake & urine output hourly
c. Emergency assessment – rapid
assessment done during any physiologic/physiologic crisis of the client to identify
life threatening problems.
Ex: assessment of a client’s airway,
breathing status & circulation after a cardiac arrest.
d. time-lapsed assessment –
reassessment of client’s functional health pattern done several months after
initial assessment to compare the clients current status to baseline data
previously obtained.
Activities:
- Collection of data
- Validation of data
- Organization of data
- Analyzing of data
- Recording/documentation of data
Assessment = Observation of the
patient + Interview of patient, family & SO + examination of the patient +
Review of medical record
I.
Collection of data
- gathering of information about the client
- includes physical, psychological, emotion, socio-cultural, spiritual factors that may affect client’s health status
- includes past health history of client (allergies, past surgeries, chronic diseases, use of folk healing methods)
- includes current/present problems of client (pain, nausea, sleep pattern, religious practices, meds or treatment the client is taking now)
Types of Data:
- Subjective data
- also referred to as Symptom/Covert data
- information from the client’s point of view or are described by the person experiencing it.
- information supplied by family members, significant others, other health professionals are considered subjective data.
Example:
pain, dizziness, ringing of ears/Tinnitus
- Objective data
- also referred to as Sign/Overt data
- those that can be detected, observed or measured/tested using accepted standard or norm.
Example:
pallor, diaphoresis, BP=150/100, yellow discoloration of skin
Methods of Data Collection:
- Interview
- a planned, purposeful conversation/communication with the client to get information, identify problems, evaluate change, to teach, or to provide support or counseling.
- it is used while taking the nursing history of a client
- Observation – use to gather data by using the 5 senses and instruments.
- Examination
- systematic data collection to detect health problems using unit of measurements, physical examination techniques (IPPA), interpretation of laboratory results.
- should be conducted systematically:
a.
Cephalocaudal approach – head-to-toe
assessment
b.
Body System approach – examine all
the body system
c.
Review of System approach – examine
only particular area affected
Source of data:
a.
Primary source – data directly
gathered from the client using interview and physical examination.
b.
Secondary source – data gathered
from client’s family members, significant others, client’s medical
records/chart, other members of health team, and related care
literature/journals.
In the Assessment Phase, obtain a Nursing
Health History – a structured interview designed to collect specific
data and to obtain a detailed health record of a client.
Components of a Nursing Health
History:
·
Biographic data – name, address,
age, sex, martial status, occupation, religion.
·
Reason for visit/Chief complaint –
primary reason why client seek consultation or hospitalization.
·
History of present Illness –
includes: usual health status, chronological story, family history, disability
assessment.
·
Past Health History – includes all
previous immunizations, experiences with illness.
·
Family History – reveals risk factors
for certain disease diseases (Diabetes, hypertension, cancer, mental illness).
·
Review of systems – review of all
health problems by body systems
·
Lifestyle – include personal habits,
diets, sleep or rest patterns, activities of daily living, recreation or
hobbies.
·
Social data – include family
relationships, ethnic and educational background, economic status, home and
neighborhood conditions.
·
Psychological data – information about
the client’s emotional state.
·
Pattern of health care – includes
all health care resources: hospitals, clinics, health centers, family doctors.
II. Validation of Data – the act of “double-checking” or verifying data to confirm
that it is accurate and complete.
Purposes of data validation:
a.
ensure that data collection is
complete
b.
ensure that objective and subjective
data agree
c.
obtain additional data that may have
been overlooked
d.
avoid jumping to conclusion
e.
differentiate cues and inferences
Cues – subjective or objective data
observed by the nurse; it is what the client says, or what the nurse can see,
hear, feel, smell or measure.
Inferences – the nurse
interpretation or conclusion based on the cues.
Example: red, swollen wound =
infected wound
Dry skin = dehydrated
Dry skin = dehydrated
III. Organization of Data – uses a written or computerized format that organizes
assessment data systematically.
- Maslow’s basic needs
- Body System Model
- Gordon’s Functional Health
Patterns:
- Health perception-health management pattern.
- Nutritional-metabolic pattern
- Elimination pattern
- Activity-exercise pattern
- Sleep-rest pattern
- Cognitive-perceptual pattern
- Self-perception-concept pattern
- Role-relationship pattern
- Sexuality-reproductive pattern
- Coping-stress tolerance pattern
- Value-belief pattern
IV. Analyze data – compare data against standard and identify significant
cues. Standard/norm are generally accepted measurements, model, pattern:
Ex: Normal vital signs, standard
Weight and Height, normal laboratory/diagnostic values, normal growth and
development pattern
V. Communicate/Record/Document Data
- nurse records all data collected about the client’s health status
- data are recorded in a factual manner not as interpreted by the nurse
- record subjective data in client’s word; restating in other words what client says might change its original meaning.
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)