PHARMACOLOGY OBJECTIVES-----SOKPESH's Antedote

1. Which of the following is not a side effect of the cholinoreceptor blocker (Atropine)?
A. Increased pulse
B. Urinary retention
C. Constipation
D. Mydriasis
2. Which of the following is not a side effect of the Ace Inhibitor (Captopril)?
A. Rash
B. Angioedema
C. Cough
D. Congestion
3. Which of the following is not a side effect of the Vasodilator (Nifedipine)?                
A. Nausea
B. Flush appearance
C. Vertigo
D. Sexual dysfunction
4. Which of the following is not a side effect of the Sympathoplegics (Clonidine)?
A. Hypertension
B. Asthma
C. Dry oral cavity
D. Lethargic behavior
5. Which of the following is not a side effect of the Dieuretics (Loop dieuretics)?
A. Alkalosis
B. Nausea
C. Hypotension
D. Potassium deficits
6. Which of the following is not an effect of the drug (Isoflurane)?
A. Elevated lipid levels
B. Nausea
C. Increased blood flow to the brain.
D. Decreased respiratory function
7. Which of the following is not an effect of the drug (Midazolam)?
A. Amnesia
B. Decreased respiratory function
C. Anesthetic
D. Dizziness
8. Which of the following is not an effect of the drug (Clozapine)?
A. Agranulocytosis
B. Antipsychotic
C. Used for Schizophrenia
D. Increased appetite
9. Which of the following is not treated with (Epinephrine)?
A. Renal disease
B. Asthma
C. Hypotension
D. Glaucoma
10. Which of the following is not treated with (Ephedrine)?
A. COPD
B. Hypotension
C. Congestion
D. Incontinence
11. Which of the following are not treated with Barbiturates?
A. Seizures
B. Hypotension
C. Insomnia
D. Anxiety
12. Which of the following are not treated with opoid analgesics like (dextromethorphan and methadone)?
A. Pulmonary Edema
B. Cough suppression
C. Sedation
D. Pain
13. Which of the following are not treated with Hydrochlorothiazide?
A. CHF
B. HTN
C. Nephritis
D. Hypercalciuria
14. Which of the following are not treated with Nifedipine?
A. Angina
B. Arrhythmias
C. Htn
D. Fluid retention
15. Which of the following are not treated with Methotrexate?
A. Sarcomas
B. Leukemias
C. Ectopic pregnancy
D. Rheumatic fever
16. Which of the following are not treated with Prednisone?
A. Cushing's disease
B. Testicular cancer
C. Lympthomas
D. Chronic leukemias
17. Which of the following are not treated with Dexamethasone?
A. Inflammation
B. Asthma
C. Addison's disease
D. Wilson's disease
18. Which of the following are not treated with Lansoprazole?
A. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
B. Gastritis
C. Hypertension
D. Reflux
19. Which of the following is the antidote for the toxin Heparin?
A. Protamine
B. Methylene blue
C. N-acetylcysteine
D. Glucagon
20. Which of the following is the antidote for the toxin Copper?
A. Glucagon
B. Aminocaproic acid
C. Atropine
D. Penicillamine

Mark yourself
1. B
2. D
3. D
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. D
8. D
9. A
10. A
11. B
12. C
13. C
14. D
15. D
16. B
17. D
18. C
19. A
20. D 

Objective test Antiarrhythmics

1. 
   Not a class I antiarrhythmic Drug:                                    
   1.   quinidine gluconate (Quinaglute, Quinalan)
   2.   lidocaine (Xylocaine)
   3.   encainide (Enkaid)
   4.   verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)
2. Not classified as a Type I antiarrhythmic
   1.   lidocaine (Xylocaine)
   2.   quinidine gluconate (Quinaglute, Quinalan)
   3.   adenosine (Adenocard)
   4.   encainide (Enkaid)
3. Correct match(es) between antiarrhythmic drugs and side effects:
   1.   quinidine gluconate (Quinaglute, Quinalan): diarrhea, cinchonism
   2.   tocainide (Tonocard): CNS-related side effects including drowsiness, paresthesias
   3.   procainamide (Procan SR, Pronestyl-SR): Like tocainide,CNS-related side effects including, drowsiness, paraesthesias, and hypotension
   4.   A & B
4. Corneal microdeposits, blurred vision, and photophobia:
   1.   adenosine (Adenocard)
   2.   encainide (Enkaid)
   3.   amiodarone (Cordarone)
   4.   diltiazem (Cardiazem)
5. Class III anti-arrhythmic drug which also blocks potassium channels:
   1.   quinidine gluconate (Quinaglute, Quinalan)
   2.   sotalol (Betapace)
   3.   bretylium (Bretylol)
   4.   propafenone (Rythmol)
6. A patient is diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and exhibits a ventricular following rate of 150 beats / min. Quinidine gluconate (Quinaglute, Quinalan) was administered and although atrial fibrillation was converted to atrial flutter, the ventricular rate increased to 190 beats / min. What is the most likely explanation for the effect on heart rate?
   1.   Quinidine activated beta-1 cardiac receptors which cause the increase in heart rate.
   2.   Quinidine converted the atrial fibrillation to atrial flutter which resulted in an increase in heart rate.
   3.   Quinidine produced an anti-vagal effect and converted atrial fibrillation to atrial flutter. Both effects caused the heart rate to increase.
   4.   Quinidine has an anti-vagal effect which facilitated transmission through the A-V node.
7. Agent(s) may be effective in terminating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT)?
   1.   adenosine (Adenocard)
   2.   methoxamine (Vasoxyl)
   3.   propranolol (Inderal)
   4.   all of the above
8. Useful in treating third-degree (complete) heart block:
   1.   atropine
   2.   isoproterenol (Isuprel)
   3.   edrophonium (Tensilon)
   4.   A & B
9. A 70 year old female patient is being treated for ventricular arrhythmias following a myocardial infarction. Runs of ventricular tachyarrythmias, episodes of ventricular fibrillation requiring cardioversion, and pulmonary congestion have been noted. Myocardial ejection fraction is very poor at 25%. Which drugs might be appropriate in this case to suppress these malignant arrhythmias?
   1.   i.v. bretylium (Bretylol)
   2.   i.v. lidocaine (Xylocaine)
   3.   i.v. propranolol (Inderal)
   4.   A & B
10. Torsades de Pointes, a polymorphic ventricular arrhythmia, is associated with prolongation of Q-T intervals. Which antiarrhythmic agent is most likely to cause this arrhythmia?
    1.   lidocaine (Xylocaine)
    2.   quinidine gluconate (Quinaglute, Quinalan)
    3.   digoxin (Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps)
    4.   propranolol (Inderal)
11. Best indicator of digoxin (Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps) efficacy in treating atrial fibrillation:
    1.   shortened P-R interval
    2.   decreased ventricular rate
    3.   weight loss
    4.   accelerated ventricular repolarization
12. cardiac effects resemble those of quinidine gluconate (Quinaglute, Quinalan):
    1.   digoxin (Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps)
    2.   procainamide (Procan SR, Pronestyl-SR)
    3.   lidocaine (Xylocaine)
    4.   adenosine (Adenocard)
13. Intravenous lidocaine (Xylocaine):
    1.   supraventricular tachycardia
    2.   angina
    3.   congestive heart failure
    4.   ventricular arrhythmias
14. Most ominous sign of digoxin (Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps) intoxication:
    1.   nausea and vomiting
    2.   irregular P waves
    3.   ventricular tachycardia with alterations in the QRS complex
    4.   atrial fibrillation
15. Increases automaticity:
    1.   mechanical stretch
    2.   isoproterenol
    3.   hypokalemia
    4.   all of the above
16. A patient is admitted for treatment of myocardial infarction. During a prolonged recovery period, the patient experienced episodes of vetnricular tachycardia. Following discharge from hospital, the patient was instructed to take a drug to prevent recurrence of ventricular tachycardia. After a few days, the patient complained of dizziness and then lost consciousness. Upon admission to the hospital, the patient was found to be somewhat hypokalemic. A diagnosis of Torsades de Pointes was made. A test to determine the blood level of the antiarrhythmic reveal the drug was present in a slightly subtherapeutic level. What was the drug?
    1.   sotalol (Betapace)
    2.   procainamide (Procan SR, Pronestyl-SR)
    3.   quinidine gluconate (Quinaglute, Quinalan) than
    4.   lidocaine (Xylocaine)
17. Procainamide (Procan SR, Pronestyl-SR) side effects:
    1.   nausea
    2.   hypotension
    3.   drug-induced lupus
    4.   all of the above
18. A patient is being treated with digoxin (Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps) for congestive heart failure. To enhance inotropic effects, the dosage was increased. Soon afterwards, the patient complained of dizziness, fatigue, and disturbances in color vision. An ECG was taken. ECG finding(s) consistent with digitalis intoxication include:
    1.   ectopic A-V junctional beats
    2.   sinus bradycardia
    3.   third degree heart block
    4.   all of the above
19. A patient is being treated with digoxin for congestive heart failure. To enhance inotropic effects, the dosage was increased. Soon afterwards, the patient complained of dizziness, fatigue, and disturbances in color vision. An ECG was taken. What ECG finding(s) would be consistent with digitalis intoxication?A patient is being treated with digoxin for congestive heart failure. To enhance inotropic effects, the dosage was increased. Soon afterwards, the patient complained of dizziness, fatigue, and disturbances in color vision. An ECG was taken and exhibit arrhythmias consistent with digitialis intoxication.
    What antiarrhythmic drugs might be used to treat worsening ventricular arrhythmias with hemodynamic compromise?
    1.   amiodarone (Cordarone)
    2.   lidocaine (Xylocaine)
    3.   adenosine (Adenocard)
    4.   propranolol (Inderal)
20. Phase of ventricular muscle action potential is associated with an inward,depolarizing Ca2+ current and an outward, repolarizing K+ current.
    1.   Phase 0
    2.   Phase 1
    3.   Phase 2
    4.   Phase 3
21. Automaticity:
    1.   Phase 0
    2.   Phase 2
    3.   Phase 4
    4.   none of the above

THE PRIDE OF MY PEOPLE YESTERDAY

It was nearly dawn when the silence of the village was shattered by a ululation which welcomes the late chief's long-awaited son.Before long people trooped to the palace by day break one could count the number of dancers that had come to share joy of the chief.As sun rose promising the heat of the day.An Army vehicle arrived vomiting soldiers everywhere this marred the day's joy.An officer asked a young man standing by Naporoo a head teacher in Zugu primary school who cheated so many people including a policeman he promised securing visas to European countries but had failed.He however did not return to them the five hundred dollar fee he collected from each of them in no time Naporoo was arrested but the chief stood between them and said no..(THE POWER OF CHIEFS IN THE FIGHTING DAYS)
The chief said they could not arrest anyone including Napooro without first consulting him and hence the happiness of the day pave the way for a mixed feelings.To appease the chief for a misconduct the commander veered to the market haven bought some collar and added an amount they apologized to the chief.The blessings of the chiefdom was bestowed and calm was reinstated in the village.My dear youth gone where the days when no one could there the pride of the land.Today chiefs could be arrested,killed and prosecuted all because of our lack of verisimilitude.This was a nabob fish cake and who has taken the fish cake, first-rate it was.........and now the cat has taken the fish cake....The kingdom needs peace !
The kingdom is sold today for one chillings.The potentials of the kingdom is rusted.Hatred is traded from brother to the other and from onr sista to the other.I dream peace to this kingdom before demise.God shall birth and rain peace in this kingdom!